One of the most amazing features about Magento is that you can design and develop multiple web sites and they store and share one administrative interface.
This extremely flexible feature allows you to modify and control multiple web sites. All of your products inventory and pricing can be controlled from one central location. There is no longer a need to login to multiple locations to handle multiple web sites. Magento has the ability to control them all.
Magento has three different codepools:
Here’s short overview where the application resides
/ app / etc – is global configuration den
/ app / code – is where modules have installed their models and controllers
/ app / code / core – are core team developed or certified modules
/ app / code / community – are community contributed modules
/ app / code / local – are local customizations
/ app / code / core / Mage – magento default namespace
/ app / code / core / Mage / {Module} – module root
/ app / code / core / Mage / {Module} / etc – module configuration
/ app / code / core / Mage / {Module} / controllers – controllers provided by module
/ app / code / core / Mage / {Module} / Block – Block logic classes
/ app / code / core / Mage / {Module} / Model – Object Models provided by module
/ app / code / core / Mage / {Module} / Model / Mysql4 – Resource Models provided by module
/ app / code / core / Mage / {Module} / sql – sql installation and upgrade files between module versions
/ app / code / core / Mage / {Module} / sql / {resource} / – resource model specific upgrades
/ app / code / core / Mage / {Module} / sql / {resource} / {type}-{action}-{versions}.(sql|php) – resource update files. example: mysql4-upgrade-0.6.23-0.6.25.sql
/ app / design – is location of design packages (layouts, templates, translations)
/ app / design / frontend – frontend design
/ app / design / adminhtml – HTML admin panel design
/ app / design / {area} / {package} / {theme} – theme customizations
/ app / design / {area} / {package} / {theme} / layout – .xml files that define block structure for different cases in website flow
/ app / design / {area} / {package} / {theme} / template – .phtml (html with php tags) templates
/ app / design / {area} / {package} / {theme} / locale – Zend_Translate compatible translation files for package/theme
/ app / locale – locale files
/ app / locale / {locale (en_US)} – Zend_Translate compatible translation files for modules
/ skin / {area} / {package} / {theme} / – is where design package css and images are
/ lib – are libraries such as Zend and Varien
/ js – are javascripts smile
/ media – uploaded files (product images, pdf documents, etc)
/ tests – Unit tests (not done yet)
/ var – temporary files
/ includes – contains config.php
There are some concepts and tools you need to learn to be a successful designer in Magento:
Blocks are a way by which Magento distinguishes the array of functionalities in the system and creates a modular way to manage it from both visual and functional standpoint. There are two types of blocks and they work together to create the visual output.
—These are blocks created for the sole purpose of assigning visual structure to a store page such as header, left column, main column and footer.
—These are blocks that produce the actual content inside each structural block. They are representations of each feature’s functionality in a page and employ template files to generate xHTML to be inserted into its parent structural block. Category list, mini cart, product tags and product listing, etc, are each its own content block. Instead of including template after template as a typical eCommerce application would in order to gather the entire xHTML output, Magento gathers and arranges page content through blocks.
—These are the files that essentially map your content blocks to your structural blocks. Layouts in Magento have two functions—they define both the structural and content blocks and then they inform Magento how and where to connect them up.
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